diff --git a/docker-compose.yml b/docker-compose.yml
index b930214..9784e41 100644
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -1,28 +1,13 @@
 version: '3.8'
 services:
   php:
-    image: php:7.3-fpm
+    build: .  # 指向 Dockerfile 目录
     volumes:
       - /data/laravel_test:/var/www/html
     working_dir: /var/www/html
     networks:
       - laravel_net
-    # 修正后的启动命令
-    command: >
-      sh -c "tee /etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF
-             # 清华大学 Debian 11 Bullseye 镜像
-             deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
-             deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
-             deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
-             deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
-             EOF
-      && set -ex
-      && apt-get update
-      && apt-get install -y libzip-dev unzip
-      && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql zip
-      && curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
-      && composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader
-      && php-fpm"
+    command: sh -c "composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader && php-fpm"
     # 添加健康检查
     healthcheck:
       test: ["CMD", "test", "-f", "/var/www/html/vendor/autoload.php"]
diff --git a/dockerfile b/dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8eb663a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM php:7.3-fpm
+
+# 替换为清华大学镜像源（Debian 10 Buster）
+RUN sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list \
+    && sed -i 's/security.debian.org/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
+
+# 安装系统依赖和扩展
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+    libzip-dev \
+    unzip \
+    && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql zip
+
+# 安装 Composer
+RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- \
+    --install-dir=/usr/local/bin \
+    --filename=composer